My research focuses on: (1) understanding the evolutionary developmental genetics of flower shape, anisocotyly and bulbil development in respects to floral symmetry and ectopic meristem formation; (2) resolve the phylogeographic patterns and speciations of East Asia endemic species, especially relic gymnosperms, disjunctly distributed ferns and flowering plants, by integrating evidence from morphology, cytology, breeding and molecules.