My main research examines the evolution of cooperative breeding in Acorn Woodpeckers at the Hastings Reserve in California. Our project began in 1968 and represents one of the longest continuous vertebrate studies in the world. I also study the effects of urbanization on avian communities, including recent work with bird-tick interactions in Virginia. Other recent projects include the use of radar to predict migrant bird stopover use of forested habitats along the mid-Atlantic region of the US, the effect of artificial light at night on migration patterns, migrant bird stopover ecology, and avian seed dispersal.