There is an urgent need to improve outcomes of patients with malignant primary brain tumors. According to SEER and CBTRUS the median 5-year survival rate for CNS cancer patients improved from 32.3% to 34.4% over the last twenty years, which is among the lowest in adult malignancies and well bellow the combined survival rate of 67.2% for all cancers. This lack of improvement in patient outcomes is not explained by lack of new discoveries, but due to limited success in translating this knowledge into clinical benefit. The long-term goal of our research is translation of new in vivo molecular imaging methods in neuro-oncology to facilitate early diagnosis, guided therapy and treatment monitoring.