I began my research studying the relationship of mitochondrial DNA and human disease in 1995 and became interested in the mechanisms of mitochondrial inheritance. My research has involved the identification of mitochondrial and nuclear gene defects responsible for mitochondrial disorders, dissecting out the downstream disease mechanisms, and studying the molecular and cellular basis of mitochondrial DNA inheritance - most recently through the UK 100,000 Genomes Project. I have an active clinical translational research programme studying the natural history of mitochondrial diseases linked to the development of new treatments, and an interest in the role of mitochondrial mechanisms in common diseases, and particularly neurodegenerative disorders.