Dr. Kirian works primarily in the field of x-ray free-electron laser science. His work centers on the development of experimental measurement and diffraction analysis techniques for static and time-resolved studies of biological macromolecules. Three primary techniques that are under development are femtosecond serial crystallography, time-resolved solution scattering, and single-molecule imaging. Among other things, Dr. Kirian develops particle injection systems for placing biomolecules at the intense focus of free-electron lasers, and he develops new techniques for lensless diffractive imaging.