鼻腔冲洗联合卡介菌多糖核酸雾化吸入治疗幼儿变应性鼻炎的疗效观察
China Journal of Modern Medicine（2010）
Abstract
目的观察鼻腔冲洗联合卡介菌多糖核酸雾化吸入治疗幼儿变应性鼻炎的疗效,探索幼儿期过敏性鼻炎的治疗方法。方法根据诊断标准收集137例确诊为变应性鼻炎的2～3岁幼儿资料,随机分为治疗组70例和对照组67例进行治疗。治疗前根据变应性鼻炎的病情症状及体征记分标准进行评分。治疗组依次使用2.8%温盐水50 mL,0.5%甲硝唑注射液30 mL冲洗鼻腔。卡介菌多糖核酸1 mL经鼻雾化吸入,初始3 d每天2次,其后1周每天1次,后2周隔日1次。同时,根据年龄、体重每天口服氯雷他啶1次。对照组不使用卡介菌多糖核酸雾化吸入,余治疗方案同前。治疗结束后,比较治疗前后鼻塞、喷嚏、流清涕、睡眠打鼾及睡眠质量等各项观察指标记分,用χ2检验进行统计学处理。结果治疗组70%的患儿鼻塞、喷嚏及流清涕等症状于6次治疗后即出现明显减轻,伴睡眠打鼾患儿睡眠质量明显改善,夜间翻身次数减少;对照组56.7%的患儿以上症状改善;疗程结束后评价治疗组有效率为96.7%,对照组有效率为77.7%,统计学分析差异有显著性(P<0.01);137例患儿无1例发生毒副作用。结论鼻腔冲洗联合卡介菌多糖核酸雾化吸入治疗幼儿变应性鼻炎疗效显著、起效迅速、无明显毒副作用且使用方便,可作为治疗幼儿变应性鼻炎的首选方案。
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