Bulk Grain-Boundary Materials from Nanocrystals

Yasutaka Nagaoka,Masayuki Suda,Insun Yoon,Na Chen,Hanjun Yang,Yuzi Liu,Brendan A. Anzures,Stephen W. Parman,Zhongwu Wang,Michael Grunwald,Hiroshi M. Yamamoto,Ou Chen

Chemical Communications（2021）SCI 2区

Brown Univ | Inst Mol Sci | Argonne Natl Lab | Cornell Univ | Univ Utah

Cited 17|Views25

Abstract

Grain-boundary engineering is pivotal to fully utilize the mechanical, electrical, and thermal-transport properties of various materials. However, current methods in metallurgy rely almost exclusively on top-down approaches, making precise grain-boundary engineering, especially at nanoscale, difficult to achieve. Herein, we report a method to produce tailored grain-boundary conditions with nanoscale precision from colloidal metal nanocrystals through surface treatment followed by a pressure-sintering process. The resulting bulk grain-boundary materials (which we call "nanocrystal coins'') possess a metal-like appearance and conductivity while inheriting the original domain features of the nanocrystal building blocks. Nanoindentation measurements confirmed the superior mechanical hardness of the obtained materials. Further, we use this method to fabricate, for the first time, a single-component bulk metallic glass from amorphous palladium nanoparticles. Our discovery may spur the development of new materials whose functionality crucially depends on the domain configuration at nanoscale, such as superhard materials, thermoelectric generators, and functional electrodes.

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Key words

grain-boundary engineering,nanostructured bulk,nanocrystals,surface engineering,metal materials,high-pressure chemistry,nanoparticle sintering,metallic glass,Hall-Petch effect,electric conductivity

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