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    • 深圳市小学一年级学生膳食模式与体质量指数的关联

    Fanshun MENG,Dingyan CHEN,Yu WU,Hongwei XIE,Li ZHOU

    Chinese Journal of School Health（2018）

    Cited 3|Views7
    Abstract
    目的 分析深圳市小学一年级学生的膳食模式及其与体质量指数(BMI)的关联,为指导学生科学膳食行为提供参考.方法 按照随机整群抽样原则,于2016年7-10月在深圳市抽取33所小学,以抽中学校的全部一年级学生共6 089名为调查对象.采用家长自填问卷的方式进行膳食调查,共调查14种食物的摄入频率,分析学生的膳食行为模式.采用有序Logistic回归模型分析不同膳食行为与儿童BMI的关联.结果 小学一年级学生中超重率为9.9％(605名),肥胖率为12.2％(742名);其中男生超重率为10.8％(360名),肥胖率为15.1％(489名);女生超重率为8.9％(345名),肥胖率为9.1％(253名).男生超重、肥胖率均高于女生(x2值分别为6.587,43.747,P值均＜0.01).共提取了高糖高脂饮食、相对均衡饮食、高蛋白饮食、蔬菜水果饮食、补品饮食5种膳食模式,方差贡献率分别为0.245,0.170,0.076,0.070,0.069,累计方差贡献率为0.630.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高糖高脂饮食会增加超重肥胖的风险(OR=1.069),相对均衡饮食则是超重肥胖的保护因素(OR=0.912).结论 深圳市不同性别小学一年级学生有不同的饮食模式和特点,高糖高脂饮食是主要的饮食行为,且与肥胖相关,应采取积极措施进行早期干预.
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    Key words
    Diet surveys,Body mass index,Health education,Students
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