减量施肥对啤酒大麦干物质积累、产量及肥料利用率的影响
Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology（2020）
Abstract
为优化西北啤酒大麦施肥措施,研究了减量施肥对啤酒大麦品种'甘啤7号'生长发育、干物质积累、产量、品质、肥料利用率的影响.试验设置4个处理,分别为T1 (N 0 kg·hm-2+P2O50 kg·hm-2)、T2(N 50 kg·hm-2+P2O5 50 kg·hm-2)、T3(N 100 kg·hm-2+P2O5 100 kg·hm-2),以当地常规施肥(N 150 kg·hm-2+P2O5 150 kg.hm-2)为对照(CK).结果 表明:随着施肥量的减少,啤酒大麦生育期提前,株高、穗长和各茎节长增加,叶片、叶鞘、茎秆、籽粒等干物质质量均较对照降低,导致籽粒产量、纯收益均较对照降低,且差异达极显著水平,随着施肥量的减少降幅增大,但减量施肥提高氮素农学效率和氮肥偏生产力,节省化肥用量提高肥料利用效率和籽粒品质,籽粒蛋白质含量降低、千粒重上升、饱满度(腹径≥2.5 mm)增大.综合结果表明,适当降低施肥量是提高其肥料利用率的途径之一,但施肥量过低,会导致产量严重降低,T3对纯收益无显著影响,不仅能降低肥料肥投入量,还提高肥料的利用率、改善啤酒大麦籽粒品质.该结果为实现化肥零增长的目标提供理论和技术依据.
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