Mechanical Force Matters in Early T Cell Activation

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA（2024）

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Abstract

Mechanical force has repeatedly been highlighted to be involved in T cell activation. However, the biological significance of mechanical force for T cell receptor signaling remains under active consideration. Here, guided by theoretical analysis, we provide a perspective on how mechanical forces between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell can influence the bond of a single T cell receptor major histocompatibility complex during early T cell activation. We point out that the lifetime of T cell receptor bonds and thus the degree of their phosphorylation which is essential for T cell activation depends considerably on the T cell receptor rigidity and the average magnitude and frequency of an applied oscillatory force. Such forces could be, for example, produced by protrusions like microvilli during early T cell activation or invadosomes during full T cell activation. These features are suggestive of mechanical force being exploited by T cells to advance self-nonself discrimination in early T cell activation.

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Key words

TCR,mechanical force,cell activation,catch bond,self-nonself discrimination

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【要点】：论文探讨了机械力在早期T细胞激活过程中的作用，揭示了T细胞受体与主要组织相容性复合体之间的结合受到机械力影响，对T细胞激活具有生物学意义。

【方法】：作者通过理论分析，探讨了T细胞与抗原呈递细胞间的机械力如何影响T细胞受体的结合寿命及其磷酸化程度。

【实验】：论文未具体描述实验过程和数据集名称，但指出机械力影响T细胞激活的机制。