Diffraction Artefacts from Twins and Stacking Faults, and the Mirage of Hexagonal, Polytypes or Other Superstructures
Scripta Materialia(2020)
PX Grp Chair
Abstract
Recently, a hexagonal phase has been reported in high carbon steels in several studies. Here, we show that the electron microscopy results used in these studies were erroneously interpreted. The extra-spots in the diffraction patterns and the odd contrasts in the high resolution images are not those a superstructure but result from double diffraction and streaking effects due to the presence of twins and stacking faults. We point out a similar unfortunate misunderstanding of these effects in papers reporting the existence of a 9R structure in aluminium or copper, or exotic forms of carbon in diamonds.
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Key words
Electron diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,metals and alloys,crystal structure,artefact
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