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Pretransfusion Testing and the Selection of Red Cell Products for Transfusion

Practical Transfusion Medicine(2022)

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Abstract
The goal of pretransfusion compatibility testing is to ensure that serologically safe blood products are issued to the recipient. It is therefore crucial to accurately determine the recipient's blood type (ABO group, D type) and whether they have any unexpected red cell antibodies. To this end, a 'type and screen' is often ordered together, although they are actually two separate tests. The crossmatch ensures that an ABO-compatible red cell has been selected for transfusion, and that the unit is antigen negative in the case of a recipient with an unexpected antibody. This chapter tabulates the donor ABO groups that are compatible with the recipient's ABO group. For patients without antibodies, ABO compatibility is the only necessary compatibility consideration. The chapter also lists some of the more common unexpected antibodies and suggests how to select and crossmatch red cells for recipients with these antibodies. Most clinically significant antibodies are of the IgG isotype.
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Blood Transfusion
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