经典Wnt信号通路中β-catenin在细胞核内外分布的调控机制及潜在治疗靶点的研究进展
Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences(2022)
Abstract
经典Wnt信号通路在肿瘤细胞的增殖分化中发挥重要作用,该信号通路中的核心蛋白分子β-catenin介导信号从细胞质传递到细胞核,并在核内参与组成转录复合体,激活下游靶基因转录.β-catenin进入细胞核内是其激活下游转录因子的重要前提,其出入细胞核的方式尚未完全解析.β-catenin入核方式主要为利用经典入核途径关键蛋白直接入核及通过"分子伴侣"协助入核,而出核方式主要为依赖染色体维持区域1(chromosome maintenance region 1,CRM1)的出核途径.细胞膜上的钙黏蛋白、细胞质内的降解复合体相关蛋白及细胞核内的转录复合体相关蛋白等均可导致β-catenin滞留,从而影响其在细胞核内外的分布.在不改变细胞内β-catenin总量的情况下,通过减少β-catenin入核及核内滞留作用、增加其出核及核外滞留作用,从而阻断Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,也是治疗经典Wnt信号通路相关疾病的有效途径.本文总结近年来关于β-catenin在细胞核内外分布状态的调控机制,为进一步研究治疗经典Wnt信号通路相关疾病提供潜在靶点及新思路.
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