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Constraints on Nuclear Symmetry Energy Parameters

Particles(2023)

SUNY Stony Brook

Cited 54|Views13
Abstract
A review is made of constraints on the nuclear symmetry energy parameters arising from nuclear binding energy measurements, theoretical chiral effective field predictions of neutron matter properties, the unitary gas conjecture, and measurements of neutron skin thicknesses and dipole polarizabilities. While most studies have been confined to the parameters SV and L, the important roles played by, and constraints on Ksym, or, equivalently, the neutron matter incompressibility KN, are discussed. Strong correlations among SV,L, and KN are found from both nuclear binding energies and neutron matter theory. However, these correlations somewhat differ in the two cases, and those from neutron matter theory have smaller uncertainties. To 68% confidence, it is found from neutron matter theory that SV=32.0±1.1 MeV, L=51.9±7.9 MeV and KN=152.2±38.1 MeV. Theoretical predictions for neutron skin thickness and dipole polarizability measurements of the neutron-rich nuclei 48Ca, 120Sn, and 208Pb are compared to recent experimental measurements, most notably the CREX and PREX neutron skin experiments from Jefferson Laboratory. By themselves, PREX I+II measurements of 208Pb and CREX measurement of 48Ca suggest L=121±47 MeV and L=−5±40 MeV, respectively, to 68% confidence. However, we show that nuclear interactions optimally satisfying both measurements imply L=53±13 MeV, nearly the range suggested by either nuclear mass measurements or neutron matter theory, and is also consistent with nuclear dipole polarizability measurements. This small parameter range implies R1.4=11.6±1.0 km and Λ1.4=228−90+148, which are consistent with NICER X-ray and LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave observations of neutron stars.
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nuclear symmetry energy,neutron stars,neutron skins,neutron star radii
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要点】:本文综述了核对称能参数的约束条件,并探讨了SV、L和KN参数之间的强相关性及其在核结合能、中子物质理论和中子皮层厚度测量中的应用。

方法】:通过分析核结合能测量、中子物质性质的理论预测、统一气体假设以及中子皮层厚度和偶极极化率测量数据,研究了核对称能参数的约束。

实验】:使用CREX和PREX实验数据,结合核质量和中子物质理论预测,得出核对称能参数SV=32.0±1.1 MeV,L=51.9±7.9 MeV和KN=152.2±38.1 MeV,并发现这些参数与NICER X-ray和LIGO/Virgo对中子星的观测一致。