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宁夏固原原州区土壤及农作物硒地球化学特征及其研究意义

Geological Review(2023)

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Abstract
硒(Se)是人类和动物必需微量元素之一,为科学预测作物硒含量,实现富硒土地资源合理开发利用.本研究系统采集并分析了 13042个表层土壤样品和313套玉米、164套马铃薯及其对应的根系土样品,研究了该区土壤Se含量分布特征及影响因素,分别建立了马铃薯、玉米可食部分Se含量的BP神经网络预测模型,对富Se农作物种植区进行了合理规划.结果表明:土壤Se含量均值是0.164 μg/g,空间分布不均匀,研究区内清水河平原地区出现富硒区且连片分布.研究区土壤硒元素含量主要受其成土母质控制,岩石经风化剥蚀、随河水迁移和农业灌溉,伴随着有机质含量增加,造成第四系冲洪积平原Se含量增加.研究区马铃薯、玉米籽实富Se率分别为82.32%和38.02%,且重金属含量不超标,具备开发富硒农产品的潜力.农作物籽实Se含量主要与根系土中Se、S、pH和有机质含量有关,通过作物籽实Se含量预测模型规划出研究区富Se马铃薯种植区面积为1050.11 km2,富Se玉米种植区面积19.19 km2.该认识可为当地富硒农产品种植区规划及作物种植调整提供依据.
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Key words
top soil,distribution characteristics,selenium-rich crop,Se-rich crop,prediction model,Guyuan Ningxia
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