风暴潮作用下的大湾区海堤安全设计潮位探究——以伶仃洋河口湾为例
Renmin Zhujiang（2021）
广东省水利水电技术中心
Abstract
基于伶仃洋河口湾控制站点历年设计频率潮位、风暴潮增水统计、上游洪水来流等分析显示,伶仃洋海域近年0.5%～2.0%设计频率潮位抬升幅度为0.2～1.0 m,风暴潮极值增水都在2.5 m以上,现状相邻设计频率的潮位差不超过0.2 m,风暴潮极值增水与洪水基本不遭遇,与天文潮中潮遭遇概率最大。因此,针对设计频率潮位在河口海域应用中存在相邻频率潮位差过小、强台风期间潮水位跳频严重、不能直接体现风暴潮极值增水在海堤高程设计中的主导作用等问题,提出了海堤风暴潮安全设计潮位的概念,由海域多年平均高潮位与风暴潮最大极值增水叠加组成,概念清晰,使用简单,突出海堤抵御风暴潮灾害的主要功能,计算值与伶仃洋口门、狮子洋及三角洲网河区主要站点2020年复核后的100～200年一遇设计潮位较为接近且略大,证实了其安全可靠,初步分析认为2020年复核后的赤湾站设计频率潮位成果偏大。海堤安全设计潮位的概念可推广应用在海堤达标加固设计、海堤风暴潮安全风险评估以及风暴潮灾害预警及应对等领域。
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Key words
coastal levee,storm surge,the extreme storm surge elevation,astronomical tide,encounter
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