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膝骨关节炎患者髋关节膝关节运动特征分析

马淑敏,高谦,林瑞珠,谢娜, 徐峰, 陈小云

Shanxi Medical Journal(2023)

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Abstract
目的 通过步态分析探讨中老年膝骨关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)患者步态中膝关节以及髋关节的三维运动特征,为KOA患者临床康复训练提供依据.方法 纳入单侧中老年KOA患者 21 例为观察组,20 例健康中老年人为对照组.2 组的年龄、身高、体质量和体质指数(BMI)相匹配.2 组受试者均使用Gaitboter步态分析系统进行步态测试,对比正常行走时 2 组受试者步行过程中支撑期与摆动期髋、膝关节三维运动特征差异,包括屈曲、伸展,外展、内收及外旋、内旋活动度.结果 KOA组支撑相膝关节屈曲和内收角度较对照组下降(P<0.05),摆动相膝关节屈曲和外旋角度较对照组下降(P<0.05).KOA组支撑相髋关节外展和内外旋角度较对照组下降(P<0.05),摆动相髋关节外旋角度较对照组下降(P<0.05).结论 中老年KOA患者步行过程中膝关节活动范围较正常人下降,膝关节屈曲、外旋角度减少,同时髋关节外展、外旋活动范围也减少.提示在KOA患者的临床康复训练中,除了常规注重膝关节外,也要重视髋关节功能状态的改善.
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