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Sub-Bin Delayed High-Range Accuracy Photon-Counting 3D Imaging

Photonics(2024)SCI 3区SCI 4区

Chinese Acad Sci

Cited 0|Views15
Abstract
The range accuracy of single-photon-array three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems is limited by the time resolution of the array detectors. We introduce a method for achieving super-resolution in 3D imaging through sub-bin delayed scanning acquisition and fusion. Its central concept involves the generation of multiple sub-bin difference histograms through sub-bin shifting. Then, these coarse time-resolution histograms are fused with multiplied averages to produce finely time-resolved detailed histograms. Finally, the arrival times of the reflected photons with sub-bin resolution are extracted from the resulting fused high-time-resolution count distribution. Compared with the sub-delayed with the fusion method added, the proposed method performs better in reducing the broadening error caused by coarsened discrete sampling and background noise error. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined at different target distances, pulse widths, and sub-bin scales. The simulation analytical results indicate that small-scale sub-bin delays contribute to superior reconstruction outcomes for the proposed method. Specifically, implementing a sub-bin temporal resolution delay of a factor of 0.1 for a 100 ps echo pulse width substantially reduces the system ranging error by three orders of magnitude. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations allow to describe a low signal-to-background noise ratio (0.05) characterised by sparsely reflected photons. The proposed method demonstrates a commendable capability to simultaneously achieve wide-ranging super-resolution and denoising. This is evidenced by the detailed depth distribution information and substantial reduction of 95.60% in the mean absolute error of the reconstruction results, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method in noisy scenarios.
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single-photon imaging,3D imaging,range accuracy,quantisation error
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要点】:本文提出一种通过子箱体延迟扫描获取和融合实现三维成像超分辨率的创新方法,提高了时间分辨率,减少了由于粗略离散采样和背景噪声误差引起的光谱宽度误差。

方法】:该方法通过子箱体移动生成多个子箱体差异直方图,然后将这些粗糙时间分辨率直方图与乘积平均值融合,生成精细时间分辨率的详细直方图。

实验】:在不同的目标距离、脉冲宽度和子箱体规模下,通过模拟分析结果表明,小规模子箱体延迟对提升重建效果有显著作用。例如,对于100ps回声脉冲宽度,实现子箱体时间分辨率延迟因子0.1可将系统测距误差降低三个数量级。此外,蒙特卡洛模拟描述了信号背景噪声比低(0.05),特点是稀疏反射光子。实验结果显示,所提方法能同时实现广泛的超分辨率和去噪能力,体现在详细的深度分布信息以及重建结果平均绝对误差的95.60%显著减少,验证了在噪声场景下所提方法的有效性。