An Opacity-Free Method of Testing the Cosmic Distance Duality Relation Using Strongly Lensed Gravitational Wave Signals

Shun-Jia Huang,En-Kun Li,Jian-dong Zhang,Xian Chen,Zucheng Gao,Xin-yi Lin,Yi-Ming Hu

Physics of the Dark Universe（2025）SCI 3区

CNSA TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics | Peking University Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics | University of Cambridge Institute of Astronomy

Cited 0|Views19

Abstract

The cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR), expressed as DL(z) = (1 + z)2DA(z), plays an important role in modern cosmology. In this paper, we propose anew method of testing CDDR using strongly lensed gravitational wave (SLGW) signals. Under the geometric optics approximation, we calculate the gravitational lens effects of two lens models, the point mass and singular isothermal sphere. We use functions of p1(z) = 1 + p0z and p2(z) = 1 + p0z/(1 + z) to parameterize the deviation of CDDR. By reparameterizing the SLGW waveform with CDDR and the distance-redshift relation, we include the deviation parameters p0 of CDDR as waveform parameters. We evaluate the ability of this method by calculating the parameter estimation of simulated SLGW signals from massive binary black holes. We apply the Fisher information matrix and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to calculate parameter estimation. We find that with only one SLGW signal, the measurement precision of p0 can reach a considerable level of 0.5-1.3% for p1(z) and 1.1-2.6% for p2(z), depending on the lens model and parameters.

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Key words

Gravitational wave,Gravitational lensing,Cosmic distance duality relation

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