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    • Development of SSR Markers for and Fingerprinting of Walnut Genetic Resources

    Suilin Zhang,Yang Li, Yan Li,Yunqi Zhang,Yanbin Hao,Zhixia Hou,Jianxun Qi

    FORESTS（2024）

    Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci | Beijing Forestry Univ

    Cited 4|Views17
    Abstract
    Walnut is one of four major nuts in the world. China has abundant walnut germplasm resources, but there are still shortcomings in the identification of germplasm resources. This study used different walnut varieties as materials and developed 14 high-quality SSR molecular markers from 60 pairs of primers based on genome re-sequencing results. This study analyzed the genetic diversity of Chinese walnut genetic resources using 14 selected SSR markers. A total of 64 alleles were detected in 47 walnut resources, with an average of 4.571 alleles per locus. The variation range of polymorphism information content was 0.096~0.711, with an average value of 0.422. Cluster analysis, population genetic structure, and principal coordinate analysis divided 47 walnut resources into ordinary walnuts, Juglans hopeiensis, and Liaoyi 1. In addition, core SSR markers (Jr45, Jr40, Jr29, Jr35, and Jr11) were selected from 14 SSR markers, which were sufficient to distinguish 47 walnut resources. At the same time, 47 unique molecular fingerprints of walnuts were constructed using these core SSR markers. This study provides strong scientific support for rapid and efficient identification, germplasm innovation, and a variety of property protection of walnut germplasm.
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    Key words
    walnut,nut phenotype,simple sequence repeats,breeding
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    【要点】：本研究通过基因组重测序结果开发了14对高质量的SSR分子标记，用于分析中国核桃遗传资源的遗传多样性，并构建了47份核桃的独特分子指纹，为核桃种质的快速鉴定、创新和保护提供了科学支持。创新点在于通过核心SSR标记实现了对47份核桃资源的准确区分和分子指纹图谱的构建。
    

    【方法】：研究使用了不同核桃品种作为材料，基于基因组重测序结果，从60对引物中开发了14对高质量的SSR分子标记。
    

    【实验】：研究使用了中国47份核桃资源，运用14个选定的SSR标记进行了遗传多样性分析。检测到64个等位基因，每个位点的平均等位基因数为4.571。多态性信息含量（PIC）的变幅为0.096至0.711，平均值为0.422。通过聚类分析、群体遗传结构和主坐标分析将47份核桃资源分为普通核桃、胡桃楸和辽核1号三个类群。选取了5个核心SSR标记（Jr45、Jr40、Jr29、Jr35和Jr11）用于区分这47份核桃资源，并利用这些核心SSR标记构建了47份核桃的独特分子指纹。