AbstractTwo-particle correlations with $${\text{K}}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$$ K S 0 , $$\mathrm{\Lambda }$$ Λ /$$\bar{\mathrm{\Lambda }}$$ Λ ¯ , and charged hadrons as trigger particles in the transverse momentum range $$8{ 8 < p T , trig < 16 GeV/$$c$$ c , and associated charged particles within $$1{ 1 < p T , assoc < 8 GeV/$$c$$ c , are studied at midrapidity in pp and central Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision $$\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=5.02$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. After subtracting the contributions of the flow background, the per-trigger yields are extracted on both the near and away sides, and the ratio in Pb–Pb collisions with respect to pp collisions ($$I_{\text{AA}}$$ I AA ) is computed. The per-trigger yield in Pb–Pb collisions on the away side is strongly suppressed to the level of $$I_{\text{AA}}$$ I AA $$\approx 0.6$$ ≈ 0.6 for $$p_{\text{T},\text{assoc}}>3$$ p T , assoc > 3 GeV/$$c$$ c as expected from strong in-medium energy loss, while an enhancement develops at low $$p_{\text{T},\text{assoc}}$$ p T , assoc on both the near and away sides, reaching $$I_{\text{AA}}$$ I AA $$\approx 1.8$$ ≈ 1.8 and 2.7 respectively. These findings are in good agreement with previous ALICE measurements from two-particle correlations triggered by neutral pions ($${\pi }^0$$ π 0 –h) and charged hadrons (h–h) in Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=2.76$$ s NN = 2.76 TeV. Moreover, the correlations with $${\text{K}}_{\mathrm{S}}^0$$ K S 0 mesons and $$\mathrm{\Lambda }$$ Λ /$$\bar{\mathrm{\Lambda }}$$ Λ ¯ baryons as trigger particles are compared to those of inclusive charged hadrons. The results are compared with the predictions of Monte Carlo models.