Evaluation of a Positron Emission Tomography Tracer Targeting Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor for Detecting Pulmonary Inflammation

Wenxue Hui, Suyun Pu, Xinyan Gao, Yunze Wang, Xiaochuan Zha, Kezhi Ding, Xiaoyu Zhang,Dengfeng Cheng,Hongcheng Shi,Zonghua Luo

Molecular Pharmaceutics（2024）

ShanghaiTech Univ | Fudan Univ

Cited 1|Views4

Abstract

Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase that is crucial for immune cell activation, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Its expression significantly increases in macrophages during inflammation, playing a crucial role in regulating inflammation resolution and termination. Consequently, CSF1R has emerged as a critical target for both therapeutic intervention and imaging of inflammatory diseases. Herein, we have developed a radiotracer, 1-[4-((7-(dimethylamino)quinazolin-4-yl)oxy)phenyl]-3-(4-[F-18]fluorophenyl)urea ([F-18]17), for in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of CSF1R. Compound 17 exhibits a comparable inhibitory potency against CSF1R as the well-known CSF1R inhibitor PLX647. The radiosynthesis of [F-18]17 was successfully performed by radiofluorination of aryltrimethyltin precursor with a yield of approximately 12% at the end of synthesis, maintaining a purity exceeding 98%. In vivo stability and biodistribution studies demonstrate that [F-18]17 remains >90% intact at 30 min postinjection, with no defluorination observed even at 60 min postinjection. The PET/CT imaging study in lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation mice indicates that [F-18]17 offers a more sensitive characterization of pulmonary inflammation compared to traditional [F-18]FDG. Notably, [F-18]17 shows a higher discrepancy in uptake ratio between mice with pulmonary inflammation and the sham group. Furthermore, the variations in [F-18]17 uptake ratio observed on day 7 and day 14 correspond to lung density changes observed in CT imaging. Moreover, the expression levels of CSF1R on day 7 and day 14 follow a trend similar to the uptake pattern of [F-18]17, indicating its potential for accurately characterizing CSF1R expression levels and effectively monitoring the pulmonary inflammation progression. These results strongly suggest that [F-18]17 has promising prospects as a CSF1R PET tracer, providing diagnostic opportunities for pulmonary inflammatory diseases.

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Key words

colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor,positronemissiontomography,radiotracer,PET imaging,pulmonaryinflammation

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