To Validate Use of Transmittance Sensor of Peripheral Pulse Oximeter for Forehead Pulse Oximetry in Newborns

Talha Rehman,Girish Gupta,Saikat Patra,Chinmay Chetan,Rakesh Kumar,Sanober Wasim

Journal of Neonatology（2025）

Department of Paediatrics | Department of Pediatrics | Department of Neonatology

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Abstract

Introduction Peripheral pulse oximeters with continuous monitoring of heart rate and saturation have revolutionized neonatal care. Motion artifacts, hypothermia, and poor perfusion are some of the barriers for reliable reading in the transmittance type of peripheral pulse oximeters. This study was planned to assess the effectiveness of transmittance sensors applied over the forehead for monitoring the heart rate and saturation. Material and Methods An observation study was conducted over a period of 1 month. Two pulse oximeters (Masimo RAD97) were applied simultaneously, one over the periphery (right hand/wrist) and the other over the forehead using an innovative headband. A total of 540 readings of heart rate and saturation (SpO2) from each site were recorded. A difference of more than 5 beats/minute in heart rate and 2% saturation were considered clinically significant. Results Forty-five neonates with mean gestational age of 35.3 ± 3.2 weeks and birth weight of 2109 ± 683 grams were enrolled. Forehead pulse oximeter could pick up the heart rate and SpO2 readings in all the babies. A statistically significant difference of 3.8 beats/minute in heart rate and 2.5% in SpO2 was noted ( p-value < 0.0001). The difference in heart rate was not clinically significant. Conclusion We propose that the transmittance type peripheral pulse oximeter sensors can be used over the forehead. It has the potential to avoid erroneous readings due to motion artifacts, hypothermia, or shock. Saturation nomograms for the forehead pulse oximetry need to be established before it can be used to monitor and manage the neonates for the same.

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【要点】：研究评估了将传输式脉搏氧饱和度传感器应用于新生儿前额进行心率与血氧饱和度监测的有效性，提出了一种新的监测方法。

【方法】：通过观察法，在一月内对45名新生儿进行实验，同时使用两个脉搏氧饱和度计（一个在周边部位，一个在前额）记录心率与血氧饱和度读数。

【实验】：实验使用了Masimo RAD97脉搏氧饱和度计，在前额和周边部位（右手/手腕）同时进行监测，共记录了540次心率与血氧饱和度读数。结果显示，前额脉搏氧饱和度计能够准确捕捉所有婴儿的心率与SpO2读数，心率与血氧饱和度的差异不具有临床意义。