New Data-Driven Constraints on the Sign of Gluon Polarization in the Proton

N. T. Hunt-Smith,C. Cocuzza,W. Melnitchouk, N. Sato,A. W. Thomas,M. J. White

Physical review letters（2024）

Univ Adelaide | William & Mary | Jefferson Lab

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Abstract

Recently, the possible existence of negative gluon helicity O g has been observed to be compatible with existing empirical constraints, including from jet production in polarized proton-proton collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and lattice QCD data on polarized gluon Ioffe time distributions. We perform a new global analysis of polarized parton distributions in the proton with new constraints from the high-x x region of deep-inelastic scattering (DIS). A dramatic reduction in the quality of the fit for the negative O g replicas compared to those with positive O g suggests that the negative O g solution cannot simultaneously account for high-x x polarized DIS data along with lattice and polarized jet data.

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【要点】：该论文通过新的数据分析，提出了对质子中胶子极化符号的限制，发现负胶子极化Δg的解决方案与高x区深不变散射数据不符，从而不支持Δg为负的假设。

【方法】：作者采用全球极化部分子分布分析，引入了来自深不变散射高x区的新约束条件。

【实验】：研究基于深不变散射数据，以及相对论重离子碰撞中喷注产生和格子QCD对极化胶子Ioffe时间分布的数据，结果显示负Δg拟合质量显著下降。