Effect of Titanium Content and Doping Method on Phase Formation and Properties of Nb3Sn Strand
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity(2025)
Northwestern Polytechnical University
Abstract
Doping with Ti is crucial for enhancing the upper critical field of Nb3Sn strand produced by internal tin process. This study investigates the effects of different Ti doping methods and concentrations on the low-temperature performance of Nb3Sn strand. We compare two methods: one replaces Nb cores with NbTi cores, while the other integrates Ti into Sn ingots to form SnTi alloys, with adjustable Ti content. Four Nb3Sn strand with varying Ti concentrations were produced using these methods. Microstructural and performance tests show that Ti doping refines Nb3Sn grains. Jc increases with Ti content from 0% to 2%, but decreases beyond 2% due to grain growth from excessive Ti. Additionally, the larger Ti6Sn5 phase in the SnTi alloy results in more breakage during processing. Thus, using SnCu alloy as the Sn source and NbTi rods for Ti doping is a more feasible approach for the production of Nb3Sn strands.
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Key words
Internal tin process,doping,critical current density,critical magnetic field
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