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Large-angle Lorentz Four-dimensional Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy for Simultaneous Local Magnetization, Strain and Structure Mapping

Nature Communications(2025)

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) | Technical University of Darmstadt (TUDa) | Korea University of Technology and Education (Koreatech) | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Kiel University

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Abstract
Small adjustments in atomic configurations can significantly impact the magnetic properties of matter. Strain, for instance, can alter magnetic anisotropy and enable fine-tuning of magnetism. However, the effects of these changes on nanoscale magnetism remain largely unexplored. In particular, when strain fluctuates at the nanoscale, directly linking structural changes with magnetic behavior poses a substantial challenge. Here, we develop an approach, LA-Ltz-4D-STEM, to map structural information and magnetic fields simultaneously at the nanoscale. This approach opens avenues for an in-depth study of structure-property correlations of magnetic materials at the nanoscale. We applied LA-Ltz-4D-STEM to image strain, atomic packing, and magnetic fields simultaneously in a deformed amorphous ferromagnet with complex strain variations at the nanoscale. An anomalous magnetic configuration near shear bands, which reside in a magnetostatically high-energy state, was observed. By performing pixel-to-pixel correlation of the different physical quantities across a large field of view, a critical aspect for investigating industrial ferromagnetic materials, the magnetic moments were classified into two distinct groups: one influenced by magnetoelastic coupling and the other oriented by competition with magnetostatic energy. The authors present an approach to simultaneously map local magnetization, strain, atomic structure at nanoscale. It provides direct visualization of strainmagnetic coupling in ferromagnetic materials, opening avenues for studying nanomagnetism.
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要点】:本研究开发了一种名为LA-Ltz-4D-STEM的方法,实现了在纳米尺度同时映射局部磁化、应变和结构信息,为研究铁磁材料的结构-性质相关性提供了新途径。

方法】:通过大角度洛伦兹扫描透射电子显微镜技术,实现了对纳米尺度材料的结构、应变和磁场的同步成像。

实验】:研究团队使用LA-Ltz-4D-STEM技术对变形的非晶态铁磁材料进行了成像,数据集名称未提及,观察到了剪切带附近的异常磁配置,并通过像素到像素的相关性分析,将磁矩分为受磁弹耦合影响和由磁静能量竞争取向的两个不同组别。