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    • Morphophysiological and Transcriptomic Analyses During the Development of Microspores and Megaspores in Orobanche Coerulescens

    Kelin Cui, Jingyi Liu, Yuanyuan Xie,Yaqin Xiao,Yuxin Tian,Lijuan Jiang,Yandong Niu

    Frontiers in plant science（2025）

    Hunan Academy of Forestry

    Cited 0|Views4
    Abstract
    IntroductionOrobanche coerulescens is a parasitic plant considered as a malignant weed due to its harmful effects on crops. However, its richness in high-value secondary metabolites makes it a significant medicinal resource. The development of microspores and megaspores is essential for sexual reproduction in plants but research on this aspect of O. coerulescens is lacking.MethodsThis study aimed to systematically observe the developmental processes of microspores and megaspores in O. coerulescens using microscopic techniques. We measured the levels of soluble sugar, starch, and phytohormones during different developmental stages. We also investigated the key regulatory genes in the metabolic pathways of phytohormones that are closely related to the development of microspores and megaspores using transcriptome sequencing technology.Results and discussionThe findings revealed that the flower development process of O. coerulescens could be categorized into six stages. Mature pollen was tricellular, with downy ornamentation and pores on the outer wall. The embryo sac was the monosporangiate polygonum type, and the ovule was inverted. The megaspores developed and matured about 15 days later than the microspores. The soluble sugar level of the flower buds decreased initially and then increased during development, whereas the starch level showed an opposite trend. The levels of strigolactone, auxin, and gibberellins gradually increased throughout the development process. The key genes regulating phytohormone synthesis during the development of microspores and megaspores were identified as ALDHs (Aldehyde Dehydrogenases). In contrast, the key genes regulating phytohormone signaling included TIR1 (Transport Inhibitor Response 1) and IAA3 (Indole-3-acetic Acid Inducible 3), and the key TF was ARF5 (AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 5). The findings of this study enhanced the understanding of O. coerulescens biology, providing theoretical references for regulating its reproduction, implementing biological control measures, maintaining its population, and optimizing resource utilization.
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    Key words
    megaspores,microspores,reproductive biology,histological analysis,Orobanche coerulescens,phytohormones
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    【要点】：本研究通过对寄生植物Orobanche coerulescens的微孢子与巨孢子发育过程进行形态生理和转录组分析，揭示了其发育机制及关键调控基因，为调控其繁殖和资源优化利用提供了理论依据。
    

    【方法】：研究采用显微技术观察发育过程，通过测量不同发育阶段的可溶性糖、淀粉和植物激素水平，并结合转录组测序技术分析关键基因。
    

    【实验】：实验通过对比微孢子和巨孢子的发育过程，以及相关植物激素水平的变化，确定了ALDHs、TIR1、IAA3和ARF5等关键调控基因。数据集名称未在文中提及。