Dr. Bilimoria's research interests focus on a variety of topics related to improving healthcare quality and delivery by (1) developing better ways to provide hospitals with comparative data, (2) providing hospitals with the tools to use their data to undertake internal hospital quality improvement efforts, (3) providing patients with better comparative data through public reporting, which can assist them in selecting the best hospitals and physicians for their care, and (4) performing evaluations of policies that impact healthcare quality.

Additionally, Dr. Bilimoria has an interest in large-scale, national surgical education trials seeking to improve residency training and the resident learning environment. He also has a focus on mentoring research residents and junior faculty. Dr. Bilimoria has mentored more than 50 mentees, many of whom have won awards for their research, earned independent funding, published first-author papers in major journals such as JAMA and NEJM, and been recruited back to the SOQIC team.