Achromatic Metalenses for Full Visible Spectrum with Extended Group Delay Control Via Dispersion-Matched Layers

Shengyuan Chang,Lidan Zhang,Yao Duan,Md Tarek Rahman, Abrar Islam,Xingjie Ni

Nature communications（2024）

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Abstract

Achieving achromaticity across the visible light spectrum is crucial for metalenses in imaging systems. Single-layer metalenses struggle with weak focusing power or small aperture sizes due to inadequate group delay control. Multilayer metalenses offer some improvement but come with increased design and fabrication complexity. Here, we demonstrate a strategy using meta-atoms with material layers engineered for matching dispersion, allowing large and fine adjustments of group delay. Our design substantially broadens the group delay range, allowing us to experimentally demonstrate several polarization-independent metalenses operating across the entire visible spectrum (400-700 nm). We design, fabricate, and characterize achromatic metalenses with aperture diameters of 16 μm, 66 μm, 200 μm, and 400 μm, and numerical apertures of 0.27, 0.11, 0.04, and 0.02, respectively. Among them, the 400-μm diameter, 0.02-numerical-aperture metalens is used to demonstrate full-color imaging capabilities. Our results exhibit diffraction-limited performance, high efficiency, and accurate full-color image reproduction.

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【要点】：本文提出了一种通过匹配色散的元原子层来控制群延迟，实现了全可见光波段内消色差金属透镜的设计与实验验证。

【方法】：通过设计具有特定材料层匹配色散的元原子，实现了群延迟的大范围精细调整。

【实验】：作者设计并制造了不同孔径直径（16 μm, 66 μm, 200 μm, 400 μm）和数值孔径（0.27, 0.11, 0.04, 0.02）的消色差金属透镜，并在全可见光波段（400-700 nm）内进行了实验验证，其中400 μm直径、0.02数值孔径的金属透镜用于展示了全彩成像能力，实验结果表现出衍射极限性能、高效率和准确的全彩图像再现。数据集名称未明确提及。

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